Open City by Teju Cole - 694 Words

Teju Cole’s phenomenally written original novel majorly takes place in New York City. Cole character was easy to relate to because of his Nigerian American decent being that I am a Ghanaian American. Cole is a Nigerian American. He was born and raised in Lagos, Nigeria and came to the United States in 1992 at the age of seventeen. Cole is also well educated and is a graduate student at Columbia University. I found it insightful how in the novel Cole met several various types of people, including other immigrants. He met and shared stories with a Haitian shoe shiner, at work in Penn Station; a Liberian, imprisoned for over two years in a dentition center in Queens; and a Moroccan student working at an Internet cafà ©. I enjoyed the fact that the narrator was well stocked minded. He touched on the topics of art, music, and interesting books. He had a very eclectic set of interest. Another aspect that attracted me to novel was they way it was written. Although the book did have separate chapters, the way that it is written make the novel flow as if it was one big paragraph. There are moments in the story where characters converse but speech is not noted by quotation marks or paragraph breaks. This is a type of writing that even the most experience authors fail to accomplish, but Cole made it seem so effortless. Such a style of literature is bound to keep readers interested. If felt as if the reader was reading a diary versus a novel. Included in the novel includes forms ofShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie Open City 1127 Words   |  5 PagesThe Role of Discrimination in Open City In the novel Open City by Teju Cole, the main character Julius is a multiracial man. Throughout the novel, it became evident that one of his flaws was that he seemed to have a problem forming relationships with others. The main reason for this was because of the abundance of discrimination in the world. Many individuals judge one another based on their race, religion, ethnicities, etc. Julius’s thoughts and actions show the extremely negative impact that judging

The Relationship Between Effective Communication And...

Examine the relationship between effective communication and organizational efficiency, showing in particular how communication barriers may impact adversely on an organisation. This essay will focus on the relationship between effective communication and organizational efficiency, highlighting the main barriers in communication and their consequences. In order to facilitate the understanding of this relationship, it is very important to comprehend the purpose of communication in business and the meaning of effective communication. Communication is the process of exchanging information in a code that is understood by both parties (Cholij, 2016). As Weinstein (1994, p.275) has mentioned, it â€Å"has been called the†¦show more content†¦For example, expressions such as â€Å"Thank you very much for your assistance† or â€Å"I really appreciate your hard work†, are extremely effective. In an organization, different types of communication take place: formal, the information sent by the organization; informal, the unofficial conversations; internal, communications within the organization; external, communications between the organization and other organizations or individuals (BBC, N/D). Logically, if the internal communications are effective, the result will also be fruitful external communications. As an example, if the manager keeps the lines of communication open with his subordinates, informing them in time about the deadlines and explaining them clearly what is the expected way of accomplishing a task, there will be no delays, no stress, no tension within the organization. This is an excellent environment for developing productive external communications. The managers play an important role in internal communications EXAMPLE. They spend much of their time communicating. Therefore, a manager needs excellent communication skills (Bovà ©e, Thill, 2008). The chart below shows the manager’s vital role in internal communication netwo rk (Weinstein, 1994, p.278). BossShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Culture And Organizational Behavior Essay922 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Culture play major role within the organization. It exists and plays a very crucial role in carving organization’s behavior. Organizational culture positively influences organizational behavior. People join number of organizations during their life. The organizations act as social tools to build the relationships between the individuals. Organizations are boundary maintaining, socially constructed and goal directed system, which focuses on the processes involved in the persistence, genesisRead MoreTypes of Leadership Styles1187 Words   |  5 Pageshave be the effective tool to help direct the employees and at the same time, allow the employee to cope with the changing environment. This will allow the organization to achieve the set goals or the objectives. On the basis of the relationships between the employees at Smith and Falmouth, one could assume the structure of the organization is informal. Blah stated informal organizations have very loose structures. People can become members freely and sometimes spontaneously; relationships are undefinedRead MoreChange The Culture Of Health Care1308 Words   |  6 PagesChange the Culture to Improve Communication in Healthcare The complexity of medical care, coupled with the inherent limitations of human performance, make it critically important that clinicians have standardized communication tools, create a favorable environment in which individuals can speak up and express concerns, and share common ‘‘critical language’’ to alert team members to unsafe situations (Leonard, Graham, Bonacum, 2004). A communication tool corresponds to the procedural and contextualRead MoreReal Estate Business in Bangladesh1485 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness communication is used for all messages that we send and receive for official purpose like running a business, managing an organization, conducting the formal affairs of a voluntary organization and so on. Business communication is marked by formality as against personal and social Communication. The success of any business to a large extent depends on efficient and effective communication. It Takes place among business entities, in market and m arket places, within organizations and between variousRead MoreDimensions Of Buyer Supplier Relationships1736 Words   |  7 Pages Dimensions of buyer-supplier relationships Trust, communication, cooperation, interpersonal relationship and power-dependence are the five dimensions of buyer supplier relationship. The play an important role in high-value strategic relationships, in such relationships, it is important that the buyer and the supplier see the benefits they are gaining from the continuous relationship. Trust Trust can be defined as the willingness to rely on an exchange partner in whom one has confidence (MoormanRead MoreInterpersonal Communication And The Workplace946 Words   |  4 PagesInterpersonal communication in the workplace is developed positively or negatively on the individual relationships we have combined with our human behaviors and human actions within each of those relationships. There are many things that can affect interpersonal communications within the workplace, from generational that create technological gaps, to diversity and tolerance it creates, and finally the type of workplace, is it a team environment encouraging inclusiveness within the organization orRead MoreOrganizational Communication Essay1188 Words   |  5 PagesIn today’s era of raising slogan of global village, communication has become a burning issue. The world has turned into a global village, and one cannot survive alone. As man is a social animal, he cannot overcome worldly activities a lone. For the fulfillment of daily activities and usual deeds, he needs help from other people and have to communicate with others. Infect, in habitual life everyone spend a lot of time in communicating i.e. writing, reading, talking and listening. People spent mostRead MoreConsultant and Client Communication1157 Words   |  5 PagesConsultant and Client Communication MGT 527 January 28, 2013 Sarah Nelson Consultant and Client Communication Within an organization effective commination requires clear objectives along with sound strategies. In each business communication is crucial. Whether big or small the most effective instrument in organizations pertains to communication. Misunderstanding and challenges emerge with one-on-one interactions. Nevertheless, businesses influence effective communication strategies through persistentRead MoreOrganizational Culture And Leadership Assessment933 Words   |  4 PagesOrganizational culture is a system of symbols and interactions unique to each organization. It is the ways of thinking, behaving, and believing that members of a unit have in common† (marquis, 2011). The conveyance of the system culture requires an active, constructive role of management and leadership. The leaders will need to assess the subcultures, perceptions, attitude and beliefs and influence, in their unit to intervene and meet their responsibility (Marquis, 2011). In this paper, the organizationalRead MoreInformed Decision1029 Words   |  5 Pagescampaign pledged to use information communication technology tools to include social media to make government less beholden to special interest groups and promote citizen involvement in decision-making (p.434). Another high tech approach includes the development of the technology, innovation and government reform (TIGR) working group which is a team of tech-industry professionals whose mission was to create a twenty-first century government that is more open and effective, leverage technology to grow the

Parts of the Digestive System Essay Example For Students

Parts of the Digestive System Essay The digestive system consists primarily of the alimentary canal, a tube that extends from the mouth to the rectum. As food moves through this canal, it is ground and mixed with various digestive juices. Most of these juices contain digestive enzymes, chemicals that speed up reactions involved in the breakdown of food. The stomach and the small intestines, which are parts of the alimentary canal, each produce 3 digestive juice. Other digestive juices empty into the alimentary canal from the salivary glands, gall bladder, and pancreas. These organs are also part Of the digestive system. Part 1 Location of the parts that are in the Digestive System Part 2 Parroted salivary gland- above oral area Oral cavity- the mouth area Tongue- Oral cavity Teeth Oral cavity Subliminal and submariner salivary gland-Oral cavity Pharynx- Throat Stomach- Left side above the pancreas Liver-Right side next to stomach Pancreas-Left side below stomach Gall bladder- Right side below liver Duodenum-Right side under the Liver Large intestine-ascending, transverse, descending, below stomach Jejunum-small intestine, below stomach under large intestine Rectum-lower back buttock area HOW Will remember the location s: Will divide body into quadrants and memorize by sections Part 3 Mouth- Mechanical Digestion Throat=propulsion Stomach-Chemical Digestion and Propulsion Intestines= Propulsion and absorption Part 4 Mechanism Propulsion- the movement of food through the alimentary canal starting from the mouth to the anus. Peristalsis) The rippling motion of muscles in the digestive tract In the stomach, this motion mixes food with gastric juices, timing t into a thin liquid. Absorption= the penetration of a substance within the inner structure of another. Chemical digestion= the process in which chemicals in the body separate large food molecules into smaller ones so they can pass through the wall of the intestine. Mechanical digestion= Mechanical digestion is when food is physically broken down. An example can be when you chew your food. Your food is turned into small pieces, which makes it easier for enzymes to chemically break them down into nutrients for your body.

Technology of Instant Messaging and it contributes to society

Question: Discuss about the Technology of Instant Messaging. Answer: Technology of Instant Messaging and it contributes to society In the last few decades, there have been significant changes in the technological aspects of the society. Instant messaging refers to the communication technology which is used to use text to communicate between two or more number of people. It uses the internet or any other form of network to establish this kind of communication. It is also known as IM chat and it occurs in real time. Initially, it was mainly text based but with the passage of time, now the users can share files, send a message to many people, invite a contact to a particular conversation, add video and voices, etc. It helps people to keep in touch with each other. Computer-based communication like IM is friendly medium for autistic patients to expand their networking since they get enough time to communicate their messages with a user at their own pace. Such channels do not adopt extra signals like body language that needs further possessing. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and children with autism. Autistic spectrum disorder refers to the neuron-developmental disorder which has characteristics like complexity in having social interaction and communication. The children who suffer from ASD generally have symptoms including learning disability, epilepsy, dyspraxia, obsessive compulsive disorder, etc(Lord et al., 2013). It is vital to check the early signs of autism in children so that appropriate treatment can be provided to them. Almost 1% of world population suffers from autism. People suffering from ASD are subject to discrimination, social stigma, etc. (Lauritsen, 2013). People suffering from ASD are unable to exploit technology since it is not user-friendly for them. But due to innovation in technological aspects, more friendly and useful applications can be developed which will help the patients to express their emotions in an easier manner. Introduction about Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) and how it helps the children with autism. The concept of PECS is the specific formulation which provides an augmentative as well as alternative communication. This kind of communication is used to deliver words to the children and further, it helps the children to communicate. Thus by the process of augmentative and alternative communication, the PECS was such designed that it can be used by the autistic children. As a result, the children can be able to communicate in a proper manner and treat the delay of speech development of the children (Boesch et al., 2013). Basically, when the concept of PECS is applied to the child at that time the child has been provided with a number of pictures of various things that they see in their day to day life like their favorite foods or toys. In that case when children think of having or using those things then they will make the indication to their person who is communicating with them. This communication partner is either a parent or any therapist or caregiver or any other child. Thereafter the communication partner handovers the child with what he or she has demanded and further this exchange process reinforce the communication (Boesch et al., 2013). Thereafter starts the training of various attributes and the language expansion in the personality of the autistic children. In this part, the children basically learn regarding the expansion of the sentences with the addition of proper adjectives, verbs as well as the prepositions. It is then addressed by the addition of more two phases to the process. So the fifth phase consists of the children learning the process of how to answer the questions properly by knowing the exact thing what they want. Again in the sixth phase, the children will get to know how they can comment in response to answer the questions asked to them (Landa Hanley, 2016). Apart from that the crucial part which should be known about the process of PECS is not place specific rather the treatment process through PECS can be started anywhere depending upon the capability of the children. The reason behind it some children are visual thinkers. By this manner, many alternate ways are being provided to the child to i nitiate the communication in the autistic children. PECS inside instant messaging App Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) refers to a system that assists the people to communicate who suffer from speech inability. The application of picture cards for communication makes it easier for the children suffering from the inability to communicate conveniently. The PECS can be incorporated into the instant messaging applications with the ability to record a voice speaking the symbol. This functionality would allow the teacher or the parents to either record the objects or make use of the default language by using another language. Hence, it would allow the application to be flexible for the use of the children suffering from inability with any language (Landa Hanley, 2016). The advantage of using PECS in instant messaging applications would provide a clear screen of choices with many categories to develop communication by helping ASD people in the formulation of sentences and conveying their messages to the loved ones. The incorporation of PECS into the instant messaging applications would also be provided with wide sections in order to facilitate the selection of phrasing the sentences and picture. The adoption of PECS by instant messaging applications would require stability in the internet access for facilitating a good and effective user interface. Fast internet connection and the technology would help the children and people suffering from ASD to be able to communicate, gain knowledge and be exposed to the real world like the rest of the people in the world do. This would be a vital initiative to make life better and technologically enhanced in this age of development so that they also move forward in their lives. The reason for me to choose the subject is to gain insights into the development of technology regarding PECS and providing suggestions to incorporate PECS into instant messaging applications which would help the people suffering from the ASD in moving ahead in life with technology. References Boesch, M. C., Wendt, O., Subramanian, A., Hsu, N. (2013). Comparative efficacy of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) versus a speech-generating device: Effects on requesting skills. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7(3), 480-493. Hill, D. A., Flores, M. M. (2014). Comparing the picture exchange communication system and the iPad (TM) for communication of students with autism spectrum disorder and developmental delay.TechTrends, 58(3), 45. Lord, C., Cook, E. H., Leventhal, B. L., Amaral, D. G. (2013). Autism spectrum disorders.Autism: The Science of Mental Health, 28(2), 217. Lauritsen, M. B. (2013). Autism spectrum disorders.European child adolescent psychiatry, 22(1), 37-42. Landa, R., Hanley, G. P. (2016). An evaluation of multiple?schedule variations to reduce high?rate requests in the picture exchange communication system. Journal of applied behavior analysis. Lorah, E. R., Tincani, M., Dodge, J., Gilroy, S., Hickey, A., Hantula, D. (2013).Evaluating picture exchange and the iPad as a speech generating device to teach communication to young children with autism.Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 25(6), 637-649.

Social Cultural Environment of Kazakhstan Essay Example

Social Cultural Environment of Kazakhstan Paper The process of shedding the Soviet Union and starting anew as the democratic Republic of Astrakhan is made difficult by the fact that a large percentage of Astrakhan is not Khaki. According to the 2009 census there are two dominant ethnically groups in Astrakhan, they are ethnic Khakis (63. 1%) and ethnic Russians (23. 7%) with a wide array of other groups represented, including Ukrainians, Cubebs, Germans, Chinches, Koreans, and Ushers that is, virtually any group that has ever come under the Russian peer of influence. Many of the Nan-Khaki people of Astrakhan have met attempts by the Khaki government to make Khaki the central, dominant culture Of Astrakhan with great disdain and quiet, nonviolent resistance. Cultural values, symbols and norms. Khakis are historically a nomadic people, and thus many of their cultural symbols reflect nomadic life. Khakis are Muslim by history, and even after seventy years of Soviet atheism, they incorporate Islamic symbols in their everyday life. The traditionally Muslim tar and crescent can be widely seen, as can small Muslim caps and some traditionally Muslim robes and headscarves in the villages. The Khakis developed a patriarchal view of the world. They banded together in extended family groups to battle the hardships of the environment and to protect their cattle and their families. This was officially called ATA-balsas, which means the joining of a grandfathers sons into one tribe of extended family. The husband plays the primary role in family life and is ultimately responsible for the familys survival. Astrakhan is the only Central Asian republic that experienced no ethnic conflicts since independence. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Cultural Environment of Kazakhstan specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Social Cultural Environment of Kazakhstan specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Social Cultural Environment of Kazakhstan specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The cultural characteristics of Astrakhan are different from the West, yet capable of creating a stable and reliable system of internal networking and support. Astrakhan is rich in social capital, which for centuries served well to ensure the survival and peaceful cohabitation of multiple social and ethnic groups Business Culture and Etiquette: Protecting relationships and peoples honor is important. As a result Khakis finesse what they say in order to deliver information in a sensitive and diplomatic manner. They tend to speak in a roundabout fashion rather than a linear fashion. They respond more favorably to gentle probing rather than direct questioning. At the same time, many Khakis have a somewhat volatile demeanor and can raise their voice to get their point across. They are known for their fierce arguments. You may wish to retaliate in kind, but do so cautiously as there is a fine line between standing up for yourself and appearing overly aggressive. Astrakhan is also an extremely hierarchical society. Everyone has a distinct place in the hierarchy based upon family relationships. People are respected because Of their age and position. Older people are viewed as wise and therefore they are granted respect. The ways of the elders is a popular expression that is used to explain why things are done in prescribed ways. Khakis expect either the eldest or the person with the highest position to make decisions that are in the best interest of the group. An indirect style of communication tends to be more effective than being overly direct, although Soviet influenced bluntness still remains strong-?your weight and level of attractiveness tend to be fair game for comments. Celebrated Holidays: Some of the principal secular celebrations are 8 March, Womens Day, a very important day in Astrakhan and celebrated by all. Women are honored on this day and showered with flowers and entertained with skits and jokes by their male coworkers and family members. Narrow, Khaki New Year-?a holiday mainly celebrated by Khakis on 22 March, but also observed by Gorky, Cubebs, Tureen, Iranians. It occurs on summer solstice. Khakis cook traditional foods, have horse races, and set up many yurts. Victory Day on 9 May commemorates the Soviet victory over Nazi Germany. Day of the Republic, 25 October, was the day independence was declared. This day is a day of Khaki nationalism, with many speeches, songs, and performances in Khaki. Independence Day is celebrated on 16 December-?this date Was chosen to remember the riots in Almost on 1 6 December 1986. The riots were the first display of Khaki nationalism and solidarity. Independence day is celebrated much like the Day of the Republic. People are always happy to host-?even if it puts a lot of pressure on them. Most Assistants will just show up to a friends house without alerting them beforehand. Conclusion: When under conditions of political and economic transition, political institutions proved incapable of establishing a stable and predictable system of support and protection, people turned to national traditions that code certain helping types of behavior as appropriate. The old codes of behavior and moral norms serve to ensure stability within groups and between groups as well.

Deregulation Essays - Air Traffic Control, Free Essays, Term Papers

Deregulation Essays - Air Traffic Control, Free Essays, Term Papers Deregulation Deregulation of the U.S. airline industry has resulted in ticket prices dropping by a third, on an inflation-adjusted basis. As a result some 1.6 million people fly on 4,000 aircraft every day. Airlines carried 643 million passengers in 1998, a 25% increase over 1993 and the FAA estimates that the nations airline system will have to accommodate 917 million passengers by the year 2008. The growth in air travel threatens to overwhelm the presently inadequate air traffic control system, which has not kept pace with available technology in navigation, communications, and flight surveillance. Much of the equipment used for air traffic control today is based on fifty-year-old technology; for example, analog simplex voice links for communications and ground-based radar for surveillance, and VHF Omnidirectional Range/Distance Measuring Equipment (VOR/DME) for navigation. The lack of system automation imposes heavy workloads on human air traffic controllers and increases the risk of accidents in heavy traffic situations. Capacity limits are being reached in both airports and airspace, with congestion delays in departure and arrival schedules reaching record numbers. Funds to upgrade the air traffic control system are available in the trust fund created to receive the tax applied to airline passenger tickets and the tax on fuel for general aviation. The General Accounting Office says modernizing the air traffic control system will cost at least 17 billion for just the first 5 years of the FAAs 15-year National Airspace System improvement plan. It is the NAS that provides the services and infrastructure for air transportation. Air transportation represents 6% of the Nations gross domestic product, so the NAS is a critical element of our national economy. Given the size of the NAS, the task ahead is enormous. Our NAS includes more than 18,300 airports, 21 air route traffic control centers, over 460 air traffic control towers and 75 flight service stations, and approximately 4,500 air navigation facilities. The NAS spans the country, extends into the oceans, and interfaces with neighboring air traffic control systems for international flights. The NAS relies on approximately 30,000 FAA employees to provide air traffic control, flight service, security, and field maintenance services. More than 616,000 active pilots operating over 280,000 commercial, regional, general aviation and military aircraft use the NAS. On March 11, 1999, the FAA released the NAS Architecture Version 4.0 to the public. Key influences on the architecture include the 1996 White House Commission on Aviation Safety and Security, which recommended that the FAA accelerate modernization of the NAS, and the 1997 National Civil Aviation Review Commission, which recommended funding and performance management methods for implementing NAS modernization. It describes the agencys modernization strategy from 1998 through 2015. Based on the Free Flight operational concept, Version 4.0 contains capabilities, technologies, and systems to enhance the safety of the aviation system and provide users and service providers with more efficient services. Free Flight centers on allowing pilots, whenever practical, to choose the optimum flight profile. This concept of operations is expected to decrease user costs, improve airspace flexibility, and remove flight restrictions. The NAS Architecture is divided into three modernization phases and its implementation is being synchronized with the International Civil Aviation Organization to ensure interoperability and global integration. h Phase 1 (1998-2002) focuses on sustaining essential air traffic control services and delivering early user benefits. Free Flight Phase 1 will be implemented. Controller computer workstations will begin major upgrades. Satellite-based navigation systems will be deployed, and air-to-air surveillance will be introduced. The Year 2000 computer problem will hopefully be fixed. h Phase 2 (2003-2007) concentrates on deploying the next generation of communications, navigation and surveillance (CNS) equipment and the automation upgrades necessary to accommodate new CNS capabilities. Satellite-based navigation systems will be further augmented in local areas for more precise approaches. New digital radios that maximize the spectrum channels will be installed. As users equip, automatic dependent surveillance ground equipment will be installed to extend air traffic control surveillance services to non-radar areas. Tools from Phase 1 will be deployed throughout the NAS and upgraded as necessary. h Phase 3 (2008-2015) completes the required infrastructure and integration of automation advancements with the new CNS technologies, enabling additional Free Flight capabilities throughout the NAS. Two important features will be NAS-wide information sharing

Orientalism. Franois Bernier and Kaempfers Manuscripts Essay

Orientalism. Franois Bernier and Kaempfers Manuscripts - Essay Example This was extensively practiced by the imperialistic European scholars and it paved the way for an entirely new discipline of study called "Orientalism". Orientalism is the study of near and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages, and peoples by Western scholars. It also refers to the imitation or depiction of aspects of Eastern cultures in the West. When used in a neutrally descriptive sense, "Orientalism" describes a development in the history of ideas that was shaped by the attitudes of the era of European imperialism in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. But, the term when it is interpreted antagonistically, it implies trivializing, dismissive and prejudiced interpretations by Westerners of Eastern cultures and peoples. Thehistoryandcultural influence of these "Oriental books" can be felt consistently. Writers who explored various facets of the countries cultures revealed only those in consistency with their culture and despised the other facets of the target countries culture. The traveler's manuscripts were beneficial in a number of ways, for example the traveler's records have paved the way to improve the trade relations between the east and the west. Also we learn ancient secrets from their books. From their rich experience the travelers provide a huge amount of information which is useful at many times and confusing at times. Sometimes works by some intellectuals are merely baseless, thanks to their very little knowledge about other intimates and ethos of the country they describe and so they end up with some records which are just entirely misleading. Let us evaluate the various pros and cons of these travelers's account. Kaempfer's manuscripts: At Kaempfer's death his mostly unpublished manuscripts were purchased by Sir Hans Sloane, and conveyed to England. Among them was a History of Japan, translated from the manuscript into English by J.G. Scheuchzer and published at London, in 2 Vols. in 1727. In this manuscript he gives a good account about Japanese and their culture. In first hand, he describes the highways of Japan. Kaempfer has provided a map about ancient Japan paving way for various explorers in the later years. Kaempfer says "An incredible number of people daily use the highways of Japan's provinces, indeed, at certain times of the year they are as crowded as the streets of a populous European city." He also gives a good account of Japanese Shrines and 33 important temples. Further, he gives a good account about the Japanese warlords richness and their might. Besides Japanese history, this book contains a description of the political, social and physical state of the country in the 17th century. For upwards of a hundred years it remained the chief source of information for the general reader, and is still not wholly obsolete. But his description about the pilgrims as 'Beggars', clearly portrays author's ignorance about the Japanese tradition. Pilgrimages to Ise have been popular for centuries and seven visits was said to ensure salvation. Even in the secular Japan of today, Ise holds a place equivalent to Mecca or Jerusalem for many Japanese. It is their holy duty to walk to the shrine barefooted. They renounce their earthly wealth before starting on the pilgrim and depend on the alms for their living in their travel. Further, his categorizing of 'Beggars' as 'Kannons', silent, common and his description about the prostitutes clearly depicts his imperialistic goals. He tries his best to establish the superiority of the West over the East. In this contest he even criticizes the work of moderate Oriental writer like Francois Caron. Further, his ridiculous description